PHILIP MORRIS - 1141 Words

Joseph Taj Ahn Nyguyen J Yu Fin 423 Haddad Nov 18, 2014 Philip Morris Inc.: Seven Up Acquisition (A) This case discusses Philip Morris Inc. intentions to acquire the Seven-up Company in an effort to diversify their consumer goods. The decision has already been made, however they must decide on an offer price to buy out the company. This report will discuss PM’s acquisition strategy and its appropriateness, along with whether or not 7up fits the criteria of PM’s strategy. The report will further discuss the methods used to determine the maximum amount that Philip Morris should pay for 7up, while also going into detail about the minimum price 7up should accept as a buyout. Philip Morris Acquisition Strategy Philip Morris bases its†¦show more content†¦Lastly, the interest rate was calculated by dividing interest expense by long-term debt for the company. These numbers, along with equity and debt data given to us in the case, resulted in a WACC of 13.89%. The next step was to calculate the free cash flows for the eleven-year period. In order to do so, we used to following formula: FCF = EBIT(1-tax) + depreciation - change in NWC – CapEx. From here, we used to WACC of 13.89% previously calculated, in order to find the present value of each FCF. Next, the terminal value at year ten was calculated. The following formula was used to do so: terminal value at year 10 = (FCF at year 11)/(WACC - g). This time we used the long-term growth rate of 7up, which was given by the case as 1% less than the industry rate. This resulted in a terminal value of $848M with its present value calculation being $231M. In order to calculate the FMV of 7up, we took the sum of FCF present value, which equaled to $248M, and added it to the present terminal value of $231M. This resulted in a fair market value of $479M. This is believed to be the minimum amount that 7up should accept as an offer from PM. Max price In order to find the maximum price that PM should pay for 7up, we once again calculated the fair market value of 7up, however this time we used PM’s expected growth rate of 14% and applied that to 7ups sales. This rate was used in

Various Learning Disabilities - 1834 Words

Learning Disabilities Unlike other disorders an individual may have, there is no quick way and easy way to confirm or deny a learning disability. There is no x-ray, blood tests, easy and quick surveys to help educators determine whether a learning disability exists. Many of the problems with identifying and assisting children with learning disabilities are to have knowledge of the various learning disabilities and how they affect students. The lack of information available to parents and teachers causes the students to continue to struggle in school and diagnosis for any disabilities to be postponed even further in their schooling. Finding reliable sources of information for learning disabilities is difficult. The subject is broad†¦show more content†¦A student with a learning disability in writing may include the physical act of writing or the ability to comprehend information. Additionally dysgraphia can include the inability to organize thoughts on paper. Some of the symptoms of a written language deficiency can include neatness, spelling consistency, accurate copying of letters and words, and writing organization (Kemp, M.A, Smith, M.A and Segal, Ph.D. par 19). Fionna Pilgrim has outlined the seven causes of dysgraphia to be one of the following: brain damage, physical illness or deformity, intentional poor penmanship, nor or in adequate instruction, this orientation, multiple mental images, or inadequate natural orientation (Pilgrim par 4). A second site visited for information regarding dysgraphia determined the learning disorder was not truly a learning disorder but it was more of an unlearned skill. The source compared this learning disability to learning how to count before you can learn to add and subtract. Additionally it is important to understand the website was from a learning center specializing in helping children with dysgraphia. The site claims to be effective in overcoming dysgraphia by helping the student overcome poor motor skills, poor visual perception of letters and words, and help with poor visual memory (du Plessis, Susan par 5-8). The source which recommended the parent to purchase their product is obviously not as reliable asShow MoreRelatedA Brief Note On Websites, Links And Articles On Learning Disabilities And Families1007 Words   |  5 Pages Webliography: Websites, Links and articles on Learning Disabilities and families Sha’Vonne J. Walker North Carolina Central University Abstract Pikes Only for Module 6 One paragraph, single spaced, do not indent. single space citations and complete quotes Ldpride.net is a website that provides information on Learning Disabilities. The website defines LD as a term used to describe â€Å"a wide range† of learning and/or social impairments (Bodgod, 2015). The impairment can affectRead MoreWhat Is Dyslexia and What Can You Do If You Have It1242 Words   |  5 PagesDyslexia is a congenital disorder characterized by unexpected difficulty learning to decode and spell words in relation to one’s verbal intelligence, motivation, and educational opportunities (Gray E. S, 2008). People have many misconceptions regarding dyslexia which includes visual impairment, low IQ, dyslexia is curable, and this learning disability affects males more often than females. Indicators of dyslexia change over time since it is a process of developmental. It is difficult to identifyRead MoreService Learning Research and Reflection paper1354 Words   |  6 PagesAbility/Disability continuum. Some of the categories for exceptional students are the: intellectually gifted, specific learning disability, emotionally handicapped, hearing impaired, visually impaired, mentally handicapped, and physically handicapped. In this paper the specific type of students that will be discussed, fall under the disabled side of the continuum. As one can see from the list above there are various types of disabilities that can affect students. One of the disabilities that affectRead MoreDiagnosing Learning Disabilities662 Words   |  3 Pagesbelow the level of their peers. Many of these children are identified with a learning disability and receive remedial instruction in the resource rooms. (Aaron, P. G., Joshi, R., Gooden, R., Rentum, K. E.) The Diagnostic Criteria for learning disabilities (according to the DSM V) is a specific learning disorder which is diagnosed through an examination of the child’s developmental, educational, medical and responses of various interventions that have been tried. The diagnosis is a constant difficultyRead MoreThe Importance Of Teaching Strategies1160 Words   |  5 Pagesa few. Many other assessments used in this research study are present in Special Educational settings. In addition to Carta et. al (2015), McMaster et. al (2008) compiled another study regarding Tier 1 and English Learners (EL). Peer-Assisted learning strategies (PALS) were initiated 4 times a week for 18 weeks. Results showed that PALS were more successful and reliable than the control group. RTI is a better approach for EL students. Klingner Edwards (2006) suggest that RTI will lead to earlierRead MoreA Puzzling Paradox1462 Words   |  6 PagesAbby Suggs April 26, 2015 This writer was given an assignment of researching three questions related to learning disability. The three questions are: 1. what is a learning disability? 2. How do individuals with learning disabilities process information? and 3. What challenges are related to how these individuals process information? This writer has learned a lot about learning disability and special education all throughout this course, during this research, and during observation time in theRead MoreEffects Of Adult Attachment Styles On American College Students Over Time : A Meta Analysis Of Personality And Social Psychology1350 Words   |  6 Pagesof psychology, we often associate the words â€Å"secure attachment† with early psychological studies examining children’s attachment to their caregivers. However, more recent research by Konrath, Chopik, Hsing, O’Brien (2014) focuses instead on the various types of attachments that adult individuals form with others and how these att achments may be changing across generations. In this study, Konrath et al. (2014) found an increase in the proportion of insecure attachment styles, particularly the dismissiveRead MorePeople with Disabilities1124 Words   |  5 PagesFrom the beginning of human history to the 1700s, people with disabilities were often treated badly or even killed for being different. Typically shunned by early societies, (Special Education, 2014) people with disabilities were pushed aside, abandoned as babies, or even tortured for being different (Raymond, 2012). Stigma associated with difference and superstition often convinced people that cognitive or physical differences were the work of demons and that these people needed to be executedRead MoreThe Importance Of Special Learning Needs For Children With Disabilities, And Different Processes / Aspects Of Special Education1111 Words   |  5 PagesBackground For this assignment, a series of question was asked to an individual who frequently interacts with children with some form of disability. The purpose of this assignment is to gain a deeper understanding of students with disabilities, the individuals who interact with them, and different processes/aspects of special education. Amy Edwards - a special education teacher at McKinley Elementary located in Xenia, Ohio was interviewed. Ms. Edwards first became interested in special educationRead MoreEvaluation Of Norm Sample754 Words   |  4 PagesSample for KeyMath-3 DA In order to determine the components of the norm sample applied in the KeyMath-3 Diagnostic Assessment (KeyMath-3 DA), an evaluation is presented. For reference, a norm sample is defined as selected sample of test-takers from various common characteristics such as gender, age, grade, race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, or some combination thereof, for the purpose of creating test norms. The KeyMath-3 DA is a comprehensive, norm-referenced measure of essential mathematical concepts

The Fight for Women’s Rights Free Essays

Today, women have more liberty to do as they please. There are many positions in companies held by women. There was even a woman who ran for presidency in 1872. We will write a custom essay sample on The Fight for Women’s Rights or any similar topic only for you Order Now Additionally, there are many companies founded and ran by women. These show that home is not the only place for women, and they should not be tied as individuals running the house while their husbands work. The freedom that women have today cannot be possible without the events in the past that gave them identity in a society initially dominated by men. Women in the Past and Their Place in Society Time and again, people bore this thinking that women were just â€Å"a creative source of human life. † Many people considered them as forever inferior to men, creations that were under the opposite sex. Furthermore, women were constantly referred to as source of temptation. Even in other countries, women were viewed as children, meaning they would still be inferior to men. In Greek mythology, Pandora opened the box and was then responsible for all the unhappiness among mankind. This was the same viewpoint among Christians in the early times. For instance, St. Jerome believed that â€Å"Woman is the gate of the devil, the path of wickedness, the sting of the serpent, in a word a perilous object. † This was agreed by Thomas Aquinas, a Christian theologian who believed that the primary role of women is for conception. He further claimed that in other things, men are better assisted by their fellow men (Compton’s Interactive Encyclopedia, 1995). The lack of womenâ⠂¬â„¢s rights has placed women in delicate situations. During the 17th century, some women were believed to be witches, and were executed. The majority, consisting of men, believed that the weaker sex was more likely to be corrupted by the devil. Interestingly, most of the women charged with witchcraft were brave or stubborn while some were childless, spinsters, or successful. These were the characters that were not in the Puritan idea of femininity (Kendall, 2001, p. 9). Furthermore, the past seen women as domestic partners, tending about the orchard, or making cheese or baking pies. Women were also serving guests and cleaning the house. Aside from numerous household chores, many of these women have many children to feed and take care of. A typical family would have twelve to thirteen children, aside from extended families. The father was seen to be the head of the family, and this belief was taken from Bible passages which says that man leads the woman. Furthermore, special emphasis was put on the role of women to be submissive on their husbands (Kendall, 2001, p. 10-11). Additionally, books were published which further strengthened the division of labor between man and woman. An author, George Savile, claimed that men were created more intelligent and logical than their counterpart. Thus, men should be the head of families, businesses, and enterprises. Also, Savile emphasized the woman’s need to have a husband. And for women who were not happy with their married lives, they should just â€Å"make the best of it† (Kendall, 2001,p. -11). Many colonies had fewer unmarried women. This was because life was not easy for spinsters, or those unmarried women. For instance, they did not have many opportunities to earn. As a result, their parents or brothers or married sisters provided them with their expenses. When this happened, the unmarried women would help care for their relatives children or clean the house (Kendall, 2001, p. 11) Women also did not have liberty with money. Laws did not have provisions for women regarding owning a property or making contracts. It was the men who have the liberty to sell their possessions according to his judgment. Further, when a single woman has money, it becomes the property of her husband upon their marriage. Women lacked the legal right to the money they earned. On top of this, her belongings could be seized by creditors when his husband lacked the money to pay his debts. It was also the men’s discretion to leave their properties to anyone upon their death. This power came to be called as â€Å"the apron-string hold. The only right that women have was only a one-third of their property after the death of the husband (Kendall, 2001,p. 11-12). Women in the past also did not have rights over their children. Under the law, the children were the property of the husbands. In cases when a couple divorces, the sole custody of the children is to the father. Men also have the right to grant custody of the children to anyone but their wives. In addition, laws also permitted husbands to physically discipline their wives. This means that husbands could whip their wives for as long as they want provided that the whip was not thicker than his thumb. This was known to be the â€Å"rule of thumb. † However, this was not seen as oppression against women, but instead it was an assertion of the women’s right not to be beaten severely (Kendall, 2001, p. 12). Women were also considered as the weaker sex. They were thought be squeamish and unable to do heavy chores. During the preindustrial times, women were assigned to domestic chores while heavier tasks were done by men. The belief that women were the weaker sex, as seen from the division of labor, forgot to consider that domestic chores, including taking care of children and other tasks, required sustained labor. However, recent studies showed that women have greater tolerance for pain compared to men, and live longer and more resistant to some diseases (Compton’s Interactive Encyclopedia, 1995). In opportunities for education, the provision for women came as second to that for men. During the colonial times, girls learned to read and write from dame schools. They could join schools for boys during the summer when boys were working and there were vacant seat in classrooms. Fortunately, changes were in store for the education of both sexes. The late 19th century witnessed the increase in the number of women students. There were colleges and universities founded for women, and the schools for boys also began to admit women students. By 1870, one-fifth of students from colleges and universities were women. It further increased during the early 1900s (Compton’s Interactive Encyclopedia, 1995). In addition, the traditional role of women as child-bearers gradually changed. It used to be that people has this stereotypal opinion about women whose place is at home. As times changed, women gained freedom and a voice in choosing contraception or undergoing legalized abortion. These choices have given them greater control over how many children they wanted to bear. Despite these positive changes, women were still tied to their roles as mothers and wives. Most of them were talented but did not have freedom to pursue studying or other careers (Compton’s Interactive Encyclopedia, 1995). In place of formal education, many young women learned things from their mothers. They were expected to learn cooking and caring for children as preparation for their future roles. During the 1960s, tests were conducted that showed the scholastic achievement of young girls as higher during the early grades. The explanation behind this finding was the decline in the girls’ expectations because their families or their teachers did not expect them to prepare for a future different from marriage and motherhood. The good thing was that changes were taking place with regards to this trend (Compton’s Interactive Encyclopedia, 1995). By the start of the 20th century, women were able to obtain undergraduate college degrees. In 1984, 49% of undergraduate degrees were by women, a sharp increase from just 19% during the onset of the century. Furthermore, more women became interested in taking graduate studies. This was further improved when, in the mid-1980s, women held 49% of masteral degrees and 33% of doctoral degrees. Moreover, women students in college comprised 53% in 1985 (Compton’s Interactive Encyclopedia, 1995). Another area where women came as inferiors to men was at work. During the colonial times, women who earned a living were seamstresses or in charged of keeping boardinghouses. There were some women who worked men’s jobs, such as doctors, preachers, writers, and lawyers, among others. At the onset of the 19th century, occupations allowed for women were either factory labor or domestic work. They were generally excluded from higher professions but were allowed to write and teach (Compton’s Interactive Encyclopedia, 1995). Several changes took place in the following centuries. Career opportunities such as medical profession have undergone changed attitudes. Anyone could practice medicine, but obstetrics was generally a woman’s domain. Unfortunately, the educational preparation needed for this profession increased, limiting some women to further pursue medical practice. On top of it, racial discrimination began against certain groups of women. For instance, the American Medical Association did not accept females. They were also barred from medical colleges for men. This changed by 1920s. During this period, a significant number of women attended certain leading medical schools. This was further strengthened when the American Medical Association accepted women members in 1915 (Compton’s Interactive Encyclopedia, 1995). Women’s Rights It is common knowledge among people that women did not have as much legal rights and other opportunities compared to men. Women were confined in homes, where their major roles were wives and mothers. They could not join in political or social matters, as these were the spheres of men. Women lacked many rights that in a sense, they were like slaves. Women have been fighting for their rights as early as the 19th century, spearheaded by evangelical groups and volunteer associations among middle women from class and upper class. They have strived to affect changes in the American society whose perspective on women was too limiting (Walter, 2001, p. 184). Rights that women can freely obtain indicates the â€Å"understanding of global well-being. † This issue is something that every country should resolve, and not only those ones where religion is the law (Shah, 2007). Rights that women should have equal access to include human rights, equality rights, and political rights, among others. The road to these rights was not a smooth one. Women were constantly in battle for equal footing with men. It took almost fifty years before the Equal Rights Amendment was passed to the states for ratification. Women from all races and nationalities united to support and push the ratification of ERA. Rallies, fundraising activities, marches and many other events were conducted to encourage supporters for the amendment. However, many politicians did not see the need to ratify the ERA for women. They argued that if women were allowed rights, it would destroy families or the women’s credibility. However, these issues that were once debated on now became a part of the society (Eisenberg Ruthsdotter, 1998). Voting rights have also been fought for by brave women. Starting in 1920, women were allowed to vote, although their other political roles were limited (Compton’s Interactive Encyclopedia, 1995). However, this was a major change in a nation dominated by men who did not believe in allowing women to participate in political matters, including voting. But certain women, such as Stanton, believed that obtaining voting rights was a start to a greater role for women in the society (Compton’s Interactive Encyclopedia, 1995). Reproductive rights, under basic human rights, were also fought for many years. These rights would allow women the right to determine how many children they wanted to have. Without these rights, their other rights would have no profound meaning. This was because when they were not granted reproductive rights, they would not be able to fully make decisions about other areas including education and work. History witnessed the significant decrease in birth rate during the 19th century as women became more educated (Lewis, 2009). Women’s Struggles As women battled for their rights and for an equal place in the society, they were faced with opposition from all sides. They have struggled for equality, for voting rights, and for political power. They have struggled to have an identity in the American society. And they have struggled to be freed from the chains that kept them inferiors for many years. Although many changes took place and women now have more liberty compared to the past, women were still in struggle for equality. History has witnessed women’s struggle against oppression, as commenced in 1857 in textile factories, to stop racial segregation. They have also demanded to be paid equally with that of their male co-workers. Furthermore, women struggled to push their rights through movements and marches. Many people were firmly opposed to this that some women who participated in these events were jailed or, in remote cases, tortured (TamilCanadian, 1999). The importance of a women’s liberation struggle cannot be emphasized enough. Women should be given the freedom from oppression in any form, from discrimination and from their economic dependence on men. Although women have come a long way in their struggles, and now have many rights, there were still some women who faced oppression and in many forms. Sexual harassment is prevalent in some places, especially at work where women’s jobs are considered inferior to that of men’s. Furthermore, women faced challenges with regards to shared responsibilities between them and their working husbands. On top of these, there is still the segregation of jobs between sexes (TamilCanadian, 1999). In addition, an article in 1999 reported that women in jails were especially susceptible to oppression in the form of sexual abuse and slavery to male prisoners (TamilCanadian, 1999). The Amnesty International reported that women in jails around the world are always victims of human rights violations due to their gender and vulnerability. Women have been the victims of sexual violence, including torture and rape. Furthermore, many of these women were not given proper health care and were instead targeted for punishments and discrimination (Amnesty International, 1999). Even today, women’s struggles are still prevalent in the society. Young women struggle for their own equality and democracy. It was claimed that young women have been the targets or victims in many instances. Equal pay for equal work was pushed ahead despite the trying times during the Bush administration. Young women have struggled for reproductive rights, welfare reinstatement, criminalization, violence against them, and better access to public education. In addition, further claims were made regarding the exploitation of young women by capitalists and the structures that they control. This was especially true among young women of color, who are more likely to be the subject of sharper racist edge (Wheeler, 2001). Furthermore, women have experienced being paid less compared to men doing the same job. They have also gone through the lack of job security in the retail/sales industry. Aside from this, women have to submit to restrictions on hours rendered for work. Also, many of these industries do not allow workers to organize. And the worst thing is that immigrant women fall prey to the most despicable working conditions. Between work and families, young women continue to struggle to attend to both. A 2000 census showed that more than 12 million families are led by single parent who also manage the household. Furthermore, 2. 4 million of these families are below the poverty line (Wheeler, 2001). Women’s Rights Movement As women became more aware of the importance of obtaining their rights, the Women’s Right Movement was put into action in 1848. No one thought that a small group of dedicated women could change the course of history to be able to achieve full rights in America. Women’s fight for changes within the family life, employment, government, and education have been notable. These changes did not just happen overnight. Women of different races from different places all desired to affect changes by conducting meetings, nonviolent resistance, and public speaking (Eisenberg Ruthsdotter, 1998). According to past historical accounts, the birth of the agitation for women’s rights was brought about by Frances Wright, a Scotchwoman who visited the United States in 1820. She was popularly known as an intellect on matters regarding politics and social reform. She would live from one place to another, always encouraging both men and women to think differently on traditional beliefs including slavery and the degradation of women in the society. Eventually, Wright succeeded in her efforts, evidenced by literature written by various women. The articles that women wrote talked about the status of women. Furthermore, there were lectures conducted, although some women were bannished for doing so (Hecker, 2004, p. 81). These events have led women to question women’s rights, especially among those who were against slavery. Further inquiry into the validity of slavery caused these women to investigate the enforced status of women in the society. Meeting were conducted to address these issues. However, the women, including Angelina and Sarah Gimke, often faced hostility in meetings where there were men. In fact, during a meeting of the Anti-Slavery Association in 1840, men did not take part in committees where there were women involved. This was despite women held a larger contribution to uphold the cause (Hecker, 2004, p. 81). These affairs reached London during the World’s Anti-Slavery Convention. Some alti-slavery organizations sent women as their delegates. Unfortunately, the English members refused to allow these women to take part in the proceedings due in part to the opposition of the clergy. The latter believed that St. Paul did not permit women to teach. Thus, delegates Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott, the first president of the Female Anti-Slavery Society of Philadelphia, decided to start a women’s rights convention upon returning to the United States. The World’s Anti-Slavery Convention caused a larger cause to exist (Hecker, 2004, p. 81). July 13, 1848 is the birth of the movement in New York during a tea party. Elizabeth Cady Stanton, a housewife and mother, along with four friends, was in attendance. During their conversation, the topic turned to the situation of women. Stanton made known of her discontent about the limitations enforced on women in the America’s new democracy. Despite the American Revolution which was fought 70 years earlier, women still lacked freedom. Stanton believed that the society could benefit more if women were given active roles. This was something that Stanton’s friends agreed with, and thus they carried out a large-scale program (Eisenberg Ruthsdotter, 1998). Days after this conversation, they set a date and location for their first convention. It was held on July 19-20, 1848, at Seneca Falls, New York. Newspapers attributed the organization of the event to the â€Å"divorced wives, childless women, and sour old maids,† referring to Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Lucretia Mott, Mrs. McClintock and other brave women who attended to their domestic lives and to their children. This first convention attracted a large crowd which reached 300 (Hecker, 2004, p. 81). During the convention, the women presented and signed the Declaration of Sentiments and Declaration of Resolutions mainly based on Declaration of Independence. These include the objectives of the women’s rights movement. After this convention, many others were held for the following years (Adams, 2003, pp. 7-8). As Stanton herself expected, newspapers and certain people backlashed them. This was because newspapers believed that the Declaration of Sentiments was shameless, most especially the demand for women to vote. They attacked women on all sides. Fuirthermore, the newspapers published the document, along with the signatures of women who supported it. As a result, many of the women from the Convention had doubts and even withdrew their signatures from the document. Despite being embarrassed, some women were steadfast in what they believed in. Fortunately, something happened which favored the women upon the publishing of the document. The negative articles that editors published became widespread that even the people from isolated towns were informed to the issues. As a result, many people became involved in the heated debate regarding the women’s rights in the society (Eisenberg Ruthsdotter, 1998). The push for women’s rights was further supported by two factions of the movement in 1869. One was the American Woman Suffrage Association (AWSA) and the other, the National Woman Suffrage Assocation (NWSA). AWSA was organized in Boston by Lucy Stone, a woman popular for advocating anti-slavery and for lobbying the women’s rights. NWSA, on the other hand, was organized by Stanton and Susan B. Anthony. The organization aimed to change federal law and passionately opposed the 15th Amendment as it excluded provisions for women (Women in Congress, n. d. ).. The two factions could not unite because the supporters of AWSA believed that their rival was â€Å"racially divisive and organized†¦ to continue a national reform at the state level† (Women in Congress, n. d. ). Furthermore, NWSA did not include alternative arguments and strategies. The NWSA founders also ignored other women groups, including organizations ran by laborers, civic reformers and farmers (Buhle, M. J. , Buhle, P. , Stanton, 2005, p. xix). With the delicate balance between these factions, the AWSA and the NWSA strived to maintain momentum. The latter attracted recruits from the public speaking activities of both Stanton and Anthony. AWSA, on the other hand, did not have the wide reach that the rival organization enjoyed, but it was better funded and larger. However, the factions were not able to attract broad support from women. They did not even encourage male politicians to allow women to vote (Women in Congress, n. d. ). Between the 1880s and the onset of 1890s, a surge of volunteerism swept the nation. Many of these volunteers came from middle-class women, most of whom were members of clubs and professional societies, supporters of progressive causes, and members of charity organizations. The surge of volunteerism was brought about by these women’s desire to â€Å"expand their sphere of activities further outside the home. Thus, the suffrage movement was further strengthened, and both the AWSA and the NWSA gained momentum. Finally, the two factions united in 1890 as they took advantage of the â€Å"constituency† brought about by the event. AWSA and NWSA united and formed the National Americal Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA), led by Stanton and, later, by Anthony. The new organization drew support from various organizations ran by women, including the Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU), the National Consumer’s League, and the Women’s Trade Union League (Women in Congress, n. . ). The new organization aimed to gain votes in states and went through some challenges. Finally, in 1869, Wyoming became the first state to allow women full voting rights. Afterwards, Colorado, Utah, and Idaho followed suit. These were the only states which allowed women to vote. The period covering 1910 to 1914, the NAWSA furthered its efforts to encourage other states to do the same thing. C onsequently, the states Washington, California, Kansas, Arizona, and Oregon extended voting rights to women. In 1913, the Illinois followed suit, and the state’s future congresswoman, Ruth Hanna McCormick, helped advance the fight for suffrage. In 1914, Montana joined the states, mainly due to the efforts of its future Congresswoman, Jeannette Rankin (Women in Congress, n. d. ). Women’s fight to obtain full rights like those of men’s is not finished yet. There are still cases of oppression and violence against women. Women are still struggling to rise to be able to obtain a strong identity in the American society. The liberty and rights that women have today became impossible due to events in the past that put women in the frontline. The Women’s Rights Movement have enabled women to obtain voting rights and, consequently, human rights and equality rights. The selfless efforts of several notable women opened the eyes of all women regarding their place in the society. In the past, the only place for women was the home. They lacked basic rights and were mainly inferior to their husbands or to men in general. However, times have changed. In most places, women now stand side by side and in equality with men. The efforts of women to push forward a better life full of opportunities for all women brough forth these fruits. How to cite The Fight for Women’s Rights, Papers

Blueprints Business Planning Australia †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Blueprints Business Planning Australia? Answer: Introduction The primary aim of this report is to compare two business plans of small businesses based in Australia, one is Blueprints Business Planning Pty Ltd and the other is Sams Fast food Truck Pty Ltd. Both are small and medium enterprise, that target a sector in Sydney and other localities around the city(Crumpton, 2012). While Blueprints Planning Pty Ltd targets Sydney along with other adjoining areas from New South Wales, Australia, the other business is limited to Sydney alone. Both are proprietorship based businesses that have their owners as business full time employed. The scope of this report analyses marketing, operations and finance activities for both the businesses such that an appropriate comparison can easily be achieved. Mission of Blueprints Business Planning Pty Ltd is to provide business planning assistance to small and medium scale e businesses. The Company will aim to provide varied range of advices to small-scale organisations. Mission of Sams Fast food Truck is to provide lip-smacking snacks near office areas of Sydney during their recess hours. The Company will provide variety types of burgers, sandwiches, milk shakes, fries and other snacks at cost affordable rates, such that consumers make repeated purchase at the food truck. The former business employee is Jessie Jones along with four other people, the other business employs Scarlet Tassel along with two other employees. Earlier, Jessie Jones had been working as a management consultant and has good foothold on providing clients with well-equipped business plans along with feasibility analysis. Scarlet Tassel, has previous work experience with various restaurants and fast food stall, hence now she plans to extend such expertise in creating a business and patenting some creations of her own. The former business aims to generate a revenue of A$100,000 and make revenues worth A$2000, whereas the other business aims to generate an annual revenue of A$50,000 with profits amounting to A$1500 in the first year alone. When operations of both the business will be started then there will be one employee managing director who will be handling all functionalities from home for the former business. While for the later business, the owner cum managing director has alre ady painted his truck and arranged for it to form a food truck. The former business will be entirely self-funded and director intends to provide the necessary capital as an initial investment worth A$10,000. For the food-truck business the director has already sanctioned a bank loan worth A$12,000 for purchasing necessary equipment for establishing the business. Thus, the following brief comparisons for the business will allow grater insights into them. Business goal of the former business is to employ a full-time employee with a salary of A$42,000 annually. This is a short-term goal, whereas its long term goal is to generate a net profit of A$2000 and set up a consulting firm at Sydney employing a minimum of five people. For the later business, short term business goal comprises of establishing the food truck in an attractive office location at Sydney and repay the business loan within one year of operations. Whereas, for long term the managing director aims to open a small restaurant in Sydney suburb location and starting with home delivery systems. Prior to building any sort of business plan it becomes crucial to collect information and data from relevant sources(Allen, 2015). For purpose of constructing both the business plans secondary sources as well as primary sources were used as from Australian Bureau of Statistics, NSW Small Business Advisory Network. Data from primary sources were gathered by means of interviews with business enterprises in and around Sydney. There were also reference drawn from business journals and magazines as well as newspapers. External Industry Analysis Market analysis of Sydney reveals that there is a requirement for management and consulting services for catering to small and medium scale businesses. Though the market is competitive with a number of well-established companies yet there remains immense scope un-explored for small and medium scale enterprises(Holmes, 2016). For food-truck business, there are a large number of restaurant, catering services and office canteens at Sydney. Hence, the market space is extremely competitive for establishing a business in food business, but if the owner can create an unique flavor then he might be able to attract a sizable number of regular customers. Holiday season during December and January makes it a seasonal business throughout the year, except these two months. Hence the owner can devise and make strategizing for business of making extraordinary management plans during this time. Food business is an all year round business and profits rise considerably during holiday seasons. Especially during December and January, sales from the food tcuk is expected to shoot up. There are a number of managing and consulting agencies in and around Sydney but they generally cater to large-scale businesses. There are a large number of competitors in the food business, which comprises of office canteens, restaurants, food-trucks and so on. The management consultancy can seek strategic alliances from various accounting firms and data collection agencies. The fast food truck should seek strategic alliances from suppliers of raw materials, as meat, bread and so on. Internal Analysis of Company SWOT analysis is a comprehensive strength, weakness, opportunity and threat analysis. Strength of management consultancy is that owner has immense knowledge and ideas regarding the business. Weakness is low availability of funds for expanding and setting up a professional business mode. Opportunity from the business is immense to expand to cater to large scale corporations. Threats are from other consultancies offering lower rates and more integrated services for the same. Strength of the fast food truck business is that most of the expertise of the business is extended by the owner cum managing director. The owner have made use of own truck to create and deliver business strategy, weakness comprises of less knowledge regarding diversified cuisines. However, there is immense opportunity to diversity into restaurant business later on. The management consultancy will cater to areas in Sydney and cities around New South Wales. Target market will comprise of mainly small and medium scale enterprises. Food truck will be based in key office area in Sydney and can easily relocate. Thus, its prime areas will be to cater to office going customers in Sydney. The management consultancy firm will aim to place its products exclusively for small and medium scale enterprises. The food truck will cater to young office goers by providing them cost effective products. Management consultancy will adopt word of mouth advertising methods mostly. It will adopt promotions through references. Food truck will have advertising through traditional modes whereas promotion will be through distribution of brochures and pamphlets in various offices. Management consultant will make use of digital and social media form of ICT. Whereas food truck will adopt traditional modes of ICT. Both the companies being start-ups will adopt affordable pricing policy for the same. The management consultancy will offer its services at cost affordable rates but will enter market will skimming pricing strategies. The food truck will sell lip smacking foods at affordable prices in bundle pricing methods. Marketing for both the companies needs to be done extensively such as to attract customers towards the business. Management consultancy will adopt digital market strategy, whereas food truck will include marketing through pamphlets, brochures and other traditional modes of advertisement. The management and consultancy firm will need to have an appropriate licensing requirement for starting its business which needs to be obtained. The food truck business will need to obtain trade license and food safety license prior to conducting its business(Amato, 2016). Management details for both organisations are not applicable as solely their owners are operating both now. But both the organisation can expand and will have a suitable management structure. At present organisation structure for both the companies will not be applicable at it will be operating directly under the owners(Chell, 2016). Later, management consultancy will employ 1 full time staff. Food business will have a full time staff from the beginning. There will be a legal advisor and accountant consultant for tax filling and other company related issues for both the companies. Management consultancy owner needs to purchase an online security for preventing loss or theft of business plans developed. The food truck business will accommodate will need to have a food taster along with insurance for the truck. The management consultancy will be operating from the home of the owner cum managing director. Premises for food truck would include, food truck and home of the owner will also be required. Equipment required for the purpose of developing business plan will be a laptop, router for connecting to broadband. There will be need for plentiful utensils for cooking, marinat ing and serving clients for the food business. Oven, chimney and refrigerator are some other key equipment for the business. Management plans will be made and delivered by the managing director himself. There will be need of a laptop and internet connection for production of the plan(Audretsch, 2012). The food truck will prepare half the preparation at home including marinating. In the food truck ,it will just fry and pack to deliver various items. Thus, production process will be half done at home of the owner and half in the food truck itself. The management consultancy business will be operating through a direct phone line and 24 hours broadband internet connection. It will have two laptops for the purpose of conducting business and another for making presentation to its clients(Hatten, 2012). The food truck will require just a mobile phone connection for taking orders and a bill printing machine. Management consultancy business will face tremendous risks from meeting short term financial obligations. Further it needs to appoint an executive for collection of payments and other dues form clients. Risks faced by food truck business are regarding storage of excess food. Such storage or reduced sale can lead to reducing of long-term profitability. Basic assumption in the financial forecast is that for the former business, owned capital is the cash at bank and depreciation for equipment is at 10%. For the second business basic assumption is that loan capital servicing rate is 5%. Depreciation for various equipment is at 12% due to high wear and tear. Sales for business planning management consultancy will be at A$75,000 for the first year. Sales forecasted for Food-truck will be A$105,000 for the first year of business(Carland, 2015). Blueprints will have a cash at bank balanc e at the end of the year forecasted to be at A$5,000. Food-truck will have cash in hand forecasted balance at the end of the year amounting to A$7,000. Projected profit and loss for management consultancy will be profits in the first year amounting to A$20,000. For food-truck business projected profits will be A$35,000 for the first year of operation. The management consultancys owner will withdraw a minimum of A$1500 for the purpose of his personal expenses, whereas any profits generated form the business will be reinvested. In the food-truck business, the owner will withdraw a sum of A$2,000 for his personal expenses and rest revenues earned will be reinvested and used for paying of business loan. The management planning consultancy has been set out of the entire funds from the owner. He has set aside this fund for conducting business A$10,000. Whereas, the food truck business has been set out from back loan of A$12,000. Thus, the owner needs to payout the business loan from month ly incomes of the food-truck. Conclusion Analysis of the two business plans reveals, that both businesses have viability and potentially to expand. However, marketing tactics for each business is different compared to each other. Financial setup is also different as one is a self-funded organisation and the other has obtained bank loan to start business. Operations for both businesses also greatly vary as the former comprises of business that can operate from home itself and the later has to be established on the streets. Thus, while both businesses are different it can be understood that both entrepreneurs possess immense capabilities to expand the business beyond boundaries and potentialities. Reference Lists Allen, K. 2015. Launching new ventures: An entrepreneurial approach. Nelson Education. Amato, C. A. 2016. Regulatory modes and entrepreneurship: The mediational role of alertness in small business success. . 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